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103. Dean Falk, “Hominid Brain Evolution: Looks Can Be Deceiving, ” Science, 280
(June 12, 1998): 1714 (diagram description omitted).
104. Wood and Collard, “The Human Genus,” 65– 71. Specifically, Homo erectus is
said to have intermediate brain size, and Homo ergaster has a Homo-like postcranial
skeleton with a smaller more australopithecine-like brain size.
105. Wood and Collard, “The Human Genus,” 65– 71.
106. Terrance W. Deacon, “ Problems of Ontogeny and Phylogeny in Brain-Size
Evolution,” International Journal of Primatology, 11 (1990): 237– 82. See also Terrence
W. Deacon, “What makes the human brain different?,” Annual Review of Anthropology, 26
(1997): 337– 57; Stephen Molnar, Human Variation:Races, Types, and Ethnic Groups, 5th
ed. (Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2002), 189 (“The size of the brain is but one
of the factors related to human intelligence”).
107. Marchal, “A New Morphometric Analysis of the Hominid Pelvic Bone,” 347– 65.
108. Hawks, Hunley, Lee, and Wolpoff, “Population Bottlenecks and Pleistocene
Human Evolution,” 2– 22.
109. Ibid.
110. Ibid.
111. Lieberman, Pilbeam, and Wrangham, “ The Transition from Australopithecus to
Homo,” 1.
112. Ibid.
113. Ian Tattersall, “ Once we were not alone,” Scientific American (January,
2000): 55–62.
114. Ernst Mayr, What Makes Biology Unique?: Considerations on the Autonomy of a
Scientific Discipline (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004), 198.
115. “New study suggests big bang theory of human evolution” University of
Michigan News Service (January 10, 2000), accessed March 4, 2012,
116. See for example Eric Delson, “ One skull does not a species make,” Nature,
389 (October 2, 1997): 445– 46; Hawks et al., “Population Bottlenecks and Pleistocene
Human Evolution,” 2– 22; Emilio Aguirre, “ Homo erectus and Homo sapiens: One or More
Species?,” in 100 Years of Pithecanthropus: TheHomo erectus Problem 171 Courier
Forschungsinstitut Seckenberg, ed. Jens Lorenz (Frankfurt: Courier Forschungsinstitut
Senckenberg, 1994), 333–339; Milford H. Wolpoff, Alan G. Thorne, Jan Jel í nek, and
Zhang Yinyun, “The Case for Sinking Homo erectus: 100 Years of Pithecanthropus is
Enough!,” in100 Years of Pithecanthropus: The Homo erectus Problem 171 Courier