ScienceAndHumanOrigins-S

56 / 85

56
(Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 1998), 203. Chimpanzee: Molnar, Human
Variation: Races, Types, and Ethnic Groups, 4th ed., 203. Australopithecus: Glenn
C. Conroy, Gerhard W. Weber, Horst Seidler, Phillip V. Tobias, Alex Kane, Barry
Brunsden, “Endocranial Capacity in an Early Hominid Cranium from Sterkfontein,
South Africa,” Science, 280 (June 12, 1998): 1730–31; Wood and Collard, “The Human
Genus,” 65–71. Homo habilis: Wood and Collard, “The Human Genus,” 65– 71. Homo
erectus: Molnar, Human Variation: Races, Types, and Ethnic Groups, 4th ed., 203;
Wood and Collard, “The Human Genus,” 65– 71. Neanderthals: Molnar, Human Variation:
Races, Types, and Ethnic Groups, 4th ed., 203; Molnar, Human Variation: Races,
Types, and Ethnic Groups, 5th ed., 189. Homo sapiens (modern man): Molnar, Human
Variation: Races, Types, and Ethnic Groups, 4th ed., 203; E. I. Odokuma, P. S.
Igbigbi, F. C. Akpuaka and U. B. Esigbenu, Craniometric patterns of three Nigerian
ethnic groups,” International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 2
(February, 2010): 34–37; Molnar, Human Variation: Races, Types, and Ethnic Groups,
5th ed., 189.
122. Donald C. Johanson and Maitland Edey, Lucy: The Beginnings of Humankind
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 1981), 144.
123. Ibid.
124. See Wood and Collard, “The Human Genus,” 65–71.
125. Michael D. Lemonick, “A Bit of Neanderthal in Us All?, ” Time (April 25,
1999), accessed March 5, 2012,
126. Marc Kaufman, “Modern Man, Neanderthals Seen as Kindred Spirits,”
Washington Post (April 30, 2007), accessed March 5, 2012,
127. Joe Alper, “Rethinking Neanderthals,” Smithsonian magazine (June, 2003),
accessed March 5, 2012,
128. Francesco d’Errico quoted in Alper, “Rethinking Neanderthals.”
129. Molnar, Human Variation: Races, Types, and Ethnic Groups, 5th ed., 189.
130. B. Arensburg, A. M. Tillier, B. Vandermeersch, H. Duday, L. A. Schepartz,
and. Y. Rak, “A Middle Palaeolithic human hyoid bone, ” Nature, 338 (April 27,
1989): 758–60.
131. Alper, “Rethinking Neanderthals”; Kate Wong, “Who were the Neandertals?,”
Scientific American (August, 2003): 28–37; Erik Trinkaus and Pat Shipman,
“Neandertals: Images of Ourselves,” Evolutionary Anthropology, 1 (1993): 194– 201;
Philip G. Chase and April Nowell, “Taphonomy of a Suggested Middle Paleolithic Bone
Flute from Slovenia,” Current Anthropology, 39 (August/October 1998): 549– 53; Tim
Folger and Shanti Menon, “... Or Much Like Us?,” Discover Magazine, January, 1997,
accessed March 5, 2012, ; C.
B. Stringer, “Evolution of early humans,” in The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human